Senin, 31 Oktober 2011

Manchester City F.C.

Manchester City Football Club is an English Premier League football club based in Manchester. Founded in 1880 as St. Mark's (West Gorton), they became Ardwick Association Football Club in 1887 and Manchester City in 1894. The club has played at the City of Manchester Stadium since 2003, having spent most of their existence at Maine Road.
The club's most successful period was in the late 1960s and early 1970s when they won the League Championship, FA Cup, League Cup and European Cup Winners' Cup. After losing the 1981 FA Cup Final, the club went through a period of decline culminating in relegation to the third tier of English football in 1998. The club has since regained top flight status where they have spent the majority of their history. In 2011, Manchester City qualified for the Champions League and won the FA Cup.


Manchester City F.C.
A crest depicting a shield with a eagle behind it. ON the shield is a picture of a ship, the initials M.C.F.C. and three diagonal stripes. Below the shield is a ribbon with the motto "Superbia in Proelia". Above the eagle are three stars.
Full nameManchester City Football Club
Nickname(s)City, The Citizens, The Blues
Founded1880 as St Mark's (West Gorton)
GroundEtihad Stadium
Sportcity, Manchester
(Capacity: 47,805[1])
OwnerSheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan
ChairmanKhaldoon Al Mubarak
ManagerRoberto Mancini
LeaguePremier League
2010–11Premier League, 3rd
WebsiteClub home page
Home colours
Away colours
Third colours





Players

As of 31 August 2011.[53]

Current squad

Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No.PositionPlayer
2EnglandDFMicah Richards
3EnglandDFWayne Bridge
4BelgiumDFVincent Kompany (captain)[54]
5ArgentinaDFPablo Zabaleta
6EnglandDFJoleon Lescott
7EnglandMFJames Milner
10Bosnia and HerzegovinaFWEdin Džeko
11EnglandMFAdam Johnson
12EnglandGKStuart Taylor
13SerbiaDFAleksandar Kolarov
15MontenegroDFStefan Savić
16ArgentinaFWSergio Agüero
18EnglandMFGareth Barry
No.PositionPlayer
19FranceMFSamir Nasri
20EnglandMFOwen Hargreaves
21SpainMFDavid Silva
22FranceDFGaël Clichy
24EnglandDFNedum Onuoha
25EnglandGKJoe Hart
28Côte d'IvoireDFKolo Touré
30RomaniaGKCostel Pantilimon (on loan from Politehnica Timişoara)[55]
32ArgentinaFWCarlos Tévez
34NetherlandsMFNigel de Jong
37Faroe IslandsGKGunnar Nielsen
42Côte d'IvoireMFYaya Touré
45ItalyFWMario Balotelli

Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No.PositionPlayer
9TogoFWEmmanuel Adebayor (at Tottenham until the end of 2011–12 season)
14ParaguayFWRoque Santa Cruz (at Real Betis until the end of 2011–12 season)
26ColombiaGKDavid González (at Aberdeen until December 2011)
33Republic of IrelandDFGreg Cunningham (at Nottingham Forest until December 2011)
38BelgiumDFDedryck Boyata (at Bolton until the end of 2011–12 season)
No.PositionPlayer
40SlovakiaMFVladimír Weiss (at Espanyol until the end of 2011–12 season)
43EnglandFWAlex Nimely (at Middlesbrough until December 2011)
50NorwayMFAbdi Ibrahim (at N.E.C until the end of 2011–12 season)
62Côte d'IvoireMFAbdul Razak (at Portsmouth until December 2011)
EnglandMFMichael Johnson (at Leicester until the end of the 2011–12 season)

Retired numbers

Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No.PositionPlayer
23CameroonMFMarc-Vivien Foé (posthumous honour)

Since 2003, Manchester City have not issued the squad number 23. It was retired in memory of Marc-Vivien Foé, who was on loan to the club from Lyon at the time of his death on the field of play whilst playing for Cameroon in the 2003 Confederations Cup.[56]

Halls of Fame

Manchester City Hall of Fame

The following former Manchester City players and managers are inductees in the Manchester City F.C. Hall of Fame,[57] and are listed according to the year of their induction:


Last updated: 31 March 2011
Source: list of MCFC Hall of Fame inductees

National Football Museum Hall of Fame

The following former Manchester City players and managers are inductees in the English Football Hall of Fame (a.k.a. the National Football Museum Hall of Fame) and are listed according to the year of their induction within the various categories:


Last updated: 30 March 2011
Source: list of NFM Hall of Fame inductees

Scottish Football Museum Hall of Fame

The following former Manchester City players and managers are inductees in the Scottish Football Hall of Fame (a.k.a. the Scottish Football Museum Hall of Fame) and are listed according to the year of their induction within the various categories:


Last updated: 30 March 2011
Source: list of SFM Hall of Fame inductees

Management team


Current Manchester City manager Roberto Mancini with assistant manager Brian Kidd

PositionName
ManagerItaly Roberto Mancini
Assistant managerEngland Brian Kidd
First team coachItaly Fausto Salsano
First team coachEngland David Platt
First team coachItaly Attilio Lombardo
Goalkeeping coachItaly Massimo Battara
Fitness coachItaly Ivan Carminati
International academy directorEngland Jim Cassell
Under-21 elite development managerEngland Andy Welsh
Head of Platt Lane AcademyEngland Mark Allen
Academy team managerEngland Scott Sellars

Notable managers

The following managers have all won at least one major trophy (excluding Community Shields) with Manchester City (totals include competitive matches only):[63]
Table correct as of 30 August 2011

NameFromToGamesWinsDrawsLossWin %Honours
Scotland Tom Maley19021906&10000000000000150000000150&1000000000000008900000089&1000000000000002200000022&1000000000000003900000039&1000000000000005932999959.331904 FA Cup
England Wilf Wild19321946&10000000000000352000000352&10000000000000158000000158&1000000000000007100000071&10000000000000123000000123&1000000000000004489000044.891934 FA Cup
1936–37 First Division
1937 Charity Shield
England Les McDowall19501963&10000000000000592000000592&10000000000000220000000220&10000000000000127000000127&10000000000000245000000245&1000000000000003715999937.161956 FA Cup Final
England Joe Mercer19651971&10000000000000340000000340&10000000000000149000000149&1000000000000009400000094&1000000000000009700000097&1000000000000004382000043.821965–66 Second Division
1967–68 First Division
1968 Charity Shield
1969 FA Cup
1970 European Cup Winners' Cup
1970 League Cup
England Tony Book19741979&10000000000000269000000269&10000000000000114000000114&1000000000000007500000075&1000000000000008000000080&1000000000000004238000042.381976 League Cup
Italy Roberto Mancini2009Present&1000000000000009000000090&1000000000000005100000051&1000000000000001900000019&1000000000000002000000020&1000000000000005667000056.672011 FA Cup

Supporters

Manchester City has a large fanbase in relation to its comparative lack of success on the pitch. Since moving to the City of Manchester Stadium, Manchester City's average attendances have been in the top six in England,[64] usually in excess of 40,000. Even in the late 1990s, when the club were relegated twice in three seasons and playing in the third tier of English football (then Division Two, now Football League One), home attendances were in the region of 30,000, compared to an average for the division of fewer than 8,000.[65] Research carried out by Manchester City in 2005 estimates a fanbase of 886,000 in the United Kingdom and a total in excess of 2 million worldwide.[66]
Manchester City has a number of supporters organisations, of which two have official recognition: the Manchester City FC Supporters Club (1949) (formed from a merger of the Official Supporters Club [OSC] and the Centenary Supporters Association [CSA][67] in July 2010) and the International Supporters Club. There have been several fanzines published by supporters; the longest running is King of the Kippax and it is the only one still published.[68]
The City fans' song of choice is a rendition of "Blue Moon", which despite its melancholic theme is belted out with gusto as though it were a heroic anthem. City supporters tend to believe that unpredictability is an inherent trait of their team, and label unexpected results "typical City".[69][70] Events that fans regard as "typical City" include City's being the only reigning English champions ever to be relegated (in 1938), the only team to score and concede over 100 goals in the same season (1957–58),[71] or the more recent example that City were the only team to beat Chelsea in the 2004–05 Premier League, yet in the same season City were knocked out of the FA Cup by Oldham Athletic, a team two divisions lower.
Manchester City's biggest rivalry is with neighbours Manchester United, against whom they contest the Manchester derby. Before the Second World War, when travel to away games was rare, many Mancunian football fans regularly watched both teams even if considering themselves "supporters" of only one. This practice continued into the early 1960s but as travel became easier, and the cost of entry to matches rose, watching both teams became unusual and the rivalry intensified.
A common stereotype is that City fans come from Manchester proper, while United fans come from elsewhere. A 2002 report by a researcher at Manchester Metropolitan University found that while it was true that a higher proportion of City season ticket holders came from Manchester postcode areas (40% compared to United's 29%), there were more United season ticket holders, the lower percentage being due to United's higher overall number of season ticket holders (27,667 compared to City's 16,481); not highlighted in the report was that within the City of Manchester itself, there were more City season ticket holders (approximately 4 for every 3 United). The report warned that since the compiling of data in 2001, the number of both City and United season ticket holders had risen; expansion of United's ground and City's move to the City of Manchester Stadium have caused season ticket sales to increase further.[72]
In the late 1980s, City fans started a craze of bringing inflatable objects to matches, primarily oversized bananas. One disputed explanation for the craze is that in a match against West Bromwich Albion chants from fans calling for the introduction of Imre Varadi as a substitute mutated into "Imre Banana". Terraces packed with inflatable-waving supporters became a frequent sight in the 1988–89 season as the craze spread to other clubs (inflatable fish were seen at Grimsby Town), with the phenomenon reaching a peak at City's match at Stoke City on 26 December 1988, a match declared by fanzines as a fancy dress party.[73]
In August 2006, the club became the first to be officially recognised as a "gay-friendly" employer by campaign group Stonewall (UK).[74]

Ownership and finances

The holding company of Manchester City F.C., Manchester City Limited, is a private limited company, with approximately 54 million shares in issue. The club has been in private hands since 2007, when the major shareholders agreed to sell their holdings to UK Sports Investments Limited (UKSIL), a company controlled by former Thailand prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra. UKSIL then made a formal offer to buy the shares held by several thousand small shareholders.
Prior to the Thaksin takeover, the club was listed on the specialist independent equity market PLUS (formerly OFEX),[75] where it had been listed since 1995. On 6 July 2007, having acquired 75% of the shares, Thaksin de-listed the club and re-registered it as a private company.[76] By August UKSIL had acquired over 90% of the shares, and exercised its rights under the Companies Act to "squeeze out" the remaining shareholders, and acquire the entire shareholding. Thaksin Shinawatra became chairman of the club and two of Thaksin's children, Pintongta and Panthongtae also became directors. Former chairman John Wardle stayed on the board for a year, but resigned in July 2008 following Nike executive Garry Cook's appointment as executive chairman in May.[77] The club made a pre-tax loss of £11m in the year ending 31 May 2007, the final year for which accounts were published as a public company.[78]
Thaksin's purchase prompted a period of transfer spending at the club,[79] spending in around £30 million,[80] whereas over the previous few seasons net spending had been among the lowest in the division. A year later, this investment was itself dwarfed by larger sums. On 1 September 2008, Abu Dhabi-based Abu Dhabi United Group Investment and Development Limited completed a takeover of Manchester City. The deal, worth a reported £200 million, was announced on the morning of 1 September. It sparked various transfer "deadline-day" rumours and bids such as the club's attempt to gazump Manchester United's protracted bid to sign Dimitar Berbatov from Tottenham Hotspur for a fee in excess of £30 million.[81][82] Minutes before the transfer window closed, the club signed Robinho from Real Madrid for a British record transfer fee of £32.5 million.[83] The wealth of the new owners meant that in the summer of 2009, the club was able to finance the purchase of several experienced international players prior to the new season, spending more than any other club in the Premier League.[84]

Stadium

Manchester City's current stadium is the City of Manchester Stadium, also known as Eastlands and the Etihad Stadium since July 2011 because of sponsorship commitments. The stadium is situated in East Manchester and is part of a 200-year operating lease from Manchester City Council after the 2002 Commonwealth Games. The stadium has been City's home since the end of the 2002–03 season, when the club moved from Maine Road.[85] Before moving to the stadium, Manchester City spent in excess of £30 million to convert it to football use. The field of play was lowered by several metres, adding an additional tier of seating around the entire pitch. A new North Stand was also built.[86] The inaugural match at the new stadium was a 2–1 win over FC Barcelona in a friendly match.[87] The current capacity as of summer 2011 stands at 47,805,[1] after various stadium renovations under the new owners since 2008.
Manchester City have used several grounds during their history: after playing home matches at five different stadia between 1880 and 1887, the club settled at Hyde Road, its home for 36 years.[88] After a fire destroyed the Main Stand in 1920, the club started to seek a new site and moved to the 84-000 capacity Maine Road three years later. Maine Road, nicknamed the "Wembley of the North" by its designers, hosted the largest-ever crowd at an English club ground when 84,569 attended an FA Cup tie against Stoke City on 3 March 1934.[89] Though Maine Road was redeveloped several times over its 80-year lifespan, by 1995 its capacity was restricted to 32,000, prompting the search for a new ground which culminated in the move to the City of Manchester Stadium in 2003.

A panorama of the City of Manchester Stadium

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